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diff --git a/docs/librejs.info b/docs/librejs.info new file mode 100644 index 0000000..deed5c5 --- /dev/null +++ b/docs/librejs.info @@ -0,0 +1,948 @@ +This is librejs.info, produced by makeinfo version 5.2 from man.texi. + +This manual is for GNU LibreJS (version 7.2, 10 February 2018), a GNU +IceCat extension to detect and block nonfree nontrivial JavaScript on +webpages. + + Copyright (C) 2011 2012 2014 2015 Loic J. Duros + + Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this + document under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, + Version 1.3 or any later version published by the Free Software + Foundation; with no Invariant Sections, with no Front-Cover Texts, + and with no Back-Cover Texts. A copy of the license is included in + the section entitled "GNU Free Documentation License". +INFO-DIR-SECTION GNUzilla +START-INFO-DIR-ENTRY +* LibreJS: (librejs). Detect nonfree nontrivial in GNU Icecat +END-INFO-DIR-ENTRY + + +File: librejs.info, Node: Top, Next: Overview, Up: (dir) + +LibreJS +******* + +This manual is for GNU LibreJS (version 7.2, 10 February 2018). + +* Menu: + +* Overview:: General purpose and information. +* Disclaimer:: Emphasize what LibreJS does and does not. +* Installation:: Installing LibreJS from source. +* How to Use:: How to use LibreJS in IceCat. +* JavaScript Detection:: How LibreJS detects nontrivial Javascript. +* Free Licenses Detection:: List of licenses detected by LibreJS. +* Setting Your JavaScript Free:: Information for website owners/maintainers. +* LibreJS Development Notes:: Documentation about the development of + LibreJS itself. +* Installation Requirements:: Requirements to build and install LibreJS. +* LibreJS Internals:: How LibreJS works under the hood. +* GNU Free Documentation License:: Copying and sharing this documentation. + + + + + + + + + +File: librejs.info, Node: Overview, Next: Disclaimer, Prev: Top, Up: Top + +1 Overview +********** + +GNU LibreJS --an add-on for GNU IceCat and Mozilla Firefox-- detects and +blocks nonfree nontrivial JavaScript while allowing its execution on +pages containing code that is either trivial and/or free. + + Many websites run nontrivial JavaScript on your computer. Some use +it for complex tasks; many use it gratuitously for minor jobs that could +be done easily with plain HTML. Sometimes this JavaScript code is +malicious. Either way, the JavaScript code is often nonfree. For +explanation of the issue, see "The JavaScript +Trap"(<http://www.gnu.org/philosophy/javascript-trap.html>). + + If you care about freedom in your computing, and don't wish to let +all and sundry make you run nonfree programs, now you can prevent it by +using LibreJS. + + +File: librejs.info, Node: Disclaimer, Next: Installation, Prev: Overview, Up: Top + +2 Disclaimer +************ + + * LibreJS is not a security tool. Its goal is to detect nonfree + nontrivial JavaScript, and it currently does not detect whether + free or trivial code is malicious or not. Other free Mozilla + extensions and add-ons may be available for this purpose. + + * LibreJS is always a work in progress. If you find a bug, please + report it to <bug-librejs@gnu.org>. + + +File: librejs.info, Node: Installation, Next: How to Use, Prev: Disclaimer, Up: Top + +3 Installation +************** + +You can install LibreJS directly using a generated 'librejs.xpi' file, +or by building it from source. + + You can also download it from Mozilla, but due to Mozilla's review +process the download isn't always up to date. + + +File: librejs.info, Node: How to Use, Next: JavaScript Detection, Prev: Installation, Up: Top + +4 How to Use +************ + +4.1 LibreJS in action +===================== + +After installing the add-on, you will see the LibreJS widget in the +add-on bar at the top right of the browser window. After loading a +page, left-click on the widget to view the deactivated JavaScript code +from the page (both on page and external) and, if applicable, the +scripts that were accepted. + +4.2 Script Blacklist/whitelist +============================== + +Scripts may be blacklisted or whitelisted through the pop-up menu box. + + Whitelisted scripts will always be accepted and blacklisted scripts +will always get rejected. + + It is important to note that this feature recognizes which scripts +are blacklisted and whitelisted based on hash. This means that even a +slight difference in a script's code will cause it to be recognized as a +seperate script. + + Sometimes, JavaScript will be dynamically generated so that it is +different every time a website is loaded. These types of scripts cannot +be whitelisted or blacklisted since they cannot be recognized. + + LibreJS has a default whitelist of scripts that are known to be free +but may not use the format for declaring a license that it can +understand. + +4.3 Complaint Feature +===================== + +It is very important to complain when a site has nonfree JavaScript +code, especially if it won't work without that code. LibreJS makes it +easy to complain by heuristically finding where to send the complaint. + + When nonfree/nontrivial code is detected in a page, LibreJS attempts +to find a relevant contact link or email for the website you are +visiting. In order to do so, it will attempt to visit a few links from +the current page (for instance, a link labeled "contact" on the same +domain as the current page, ...) + + LibreJS detects contact pages, email addresses that are likely to be +owned by the maintainer of the site, Twitter and identi.ca links, and +phone numbers. + + When you complain to the website for their nonfree nontrivial +JavaScript, provide them with the link to the JavaScript Trap essay so +that they can get more information on what the issue is and how they can +solve it on their own site. + + LibreJS includes a default subject line and body for the complaint +email, with a link to the JavaScript Trap essay. This can be configured +in the LibreJS add-on preferences in your web browser. + +4.4 Options +=========== + +"Whitelist" + + LibreJS lets you whitelist domain names and subdomains to bypass + the regular JavaScript check. This might be useful, for example, + if you are running your own code in a local web server. In order + to add a whitelisted domain or url, go to Tools >> Add-ons. Inside + the add-on window, click on "Extensions", and in the list, where + you see LibreJS, click on the "Preferences" button. You will see + an input field labeled "Whitelist". + + In the field, enter comma-separated domain names. Do not enter the + protocol. For instance to whitelist all the pages of + <http://www.gnu.org> and <https://gnu.org>, enter 'gnu.org'. To + allow all subdomains from gnu.org, enter: '*.gnu.org'. This will + match such sites as <http://savannah.gnu.org> and + <http://audio-video.gnu.org>. + +"Complaint email subject" + Configure the default subject used in complaint emails. + +"Complaint email body" + Configure the default body used in complaint emails. + + +File: librejs.info, Node: JavaScript Detection, Next: Free Licenses Detection, Prev: How to Use, Up: Top + +5 JavaScript Detection +********************** + +LibreJS considers a very strict subset of JavaScript to be acceptable +for use in non-free scripts. This is meant to maximimize compatibility +with websites that haven't tried to be LibreJS compatible. + + We consider modification of the document non-trivial. There isn't +much that javascript could do that we would consider trivial, for +anything else a free software license would be required. + + The criterion is as follows: + + For each function definition: + * It must call only primitives. + * The number of conditionals and loops must be at most 3. + * It does not declare an array more than 50 elements long. + * It must not call itself + + For the rest of the script, outside of function definitions: + * It must call only primitives and functions defined above in the + page. + * The number of conditionals and loops must be at most 3. + + "function" means anything executable that gets a name, including +methods. + + Allowed primitives exclude: + * eval() + * ajax + * calling methods with the square bracket notation + * altering the dom + * most other items found as methods of the '.window' object. + + +File: librejs.info, Node: Free Licenses Detection, Next: Setting Your JavaScript Free, Prev: JavaScript Detection, Up: Top + +6 Free Licenses Detection +************************* + +The machine readable format for license declarations that LibreJS uses +has changed in the most recent version. This was necessary in order to +not break the asynchronous JS loading model that browsers use. Scripts +are now evaluated independent of eachother and strictly as they arrive. + + +File: librejs.info, Node: Setting Your JavaScript Free, Next: LibreJS Development Notes, Prev: Free Licenses Detection, Up: Top + +7 Setting Your JavaScript Free +****************************** + +The first step is releasing your JavaScript under a free license. If +you are already using a free library, or you're not using any +third-party libraries, it might only take a few minutes. + + On your website, take a look at your HTML source. You can identify +distinct pieces of JavaScript that might be free and some other that are +nonfree. + + This might be the case with an analytics tracker, social media +widgets, and code that runs ads. Removing these pieces of code from +your site is required to have the rest accepted as free. There are +often alternatives to nonfree libraries or to third-party services: + + * If you have used nonfree third-party code as the base to write your + own code, try to find a free alternative. + + * If you're using a third-party service such as an analytics service, + replace it with a free alternative like Piwik. + + * If you can't find free JavaScript that has already been developed, + write it yourself! Who knows, your own solution might be the start + of a brilliant project! + +7.1 License tags +================ + +LibreJS will allow non-trivial scripts to run as long as they use a free +license. + + In order for the license of a script to be recognized by LibreJS, it +must be declared using a machine-readable license format. + + This format is the same for both remote in-line scripts. + + "// @license [magnet link] [identifier]" [Script here] "// +@license-end" + + "Identifier" is a name of a license from the following list and +"magnet link" is that license's exact corresponding magnet link. + +{ + 'Apache-2.0':{ + 'URL': 'http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0', + 'Magnet link': 'magnet:?xt=urn:btih:8e4f440f4c65981c5bf93c76d35135ba5064d8b7&dn=apache-2.0.txt' + }, + 'Artistic-2.0':{ + 'URL': 'http://www.perlfoundation.org/artistic_license_2_0', + 'Magnet link': 'magnet:?xt=urn:btih:54fd2283f9dbdf29466d2df1a98bf8f65cafe314&dn=artistic-2.0.txt' + }, + 'Boost':{ + 'URL': 'http://www.boost.org/LICENSE_1_0.txt', + 'Magnet link': 'magnet:?xt=urn:btih:89a97c535628232f2f3888c2b7b8ffd4c078cec0&dn=Boost-1.0.txt' + }, + 'BSD-3-Clause':{ + 'URL': 'http://opensource.org/licenses/BSD-3-Clause', + 'Magnet link': 'magnet:?xt=urn:btih:c80d50af7d3db9be66a4d0a86db0286e4fd33292&dn=bsd-3-clause.txt', + }, + 'CPAL-1.0':{ + 'URL': 'http://opensource.org/licenses/cpal_1.0', + 'Magnet link': 'magnet:?xt=urn:btih:84143bc45939fc8fa42921d619a95462c2031c5c&dn=cpal-1.0.txt' + }, + 'CC0-1.0':{ + 'URL': 'http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/legalcode', + 'Magnet link': 'magnet:?xt=urn:btih:90dc5c0be029de84e523b9b3922520e79e0e6f08&dn=cc0.txt' + }, + 'EPL-1.0':{ + 'URL': 'http://www.eclipse.org/legal/epl-v10.html', + 'Magnet link': 'magnet:?xt=urn:btih:4c6a2ad0018cd461e9b0fc44e1b340d2c1828b22&dn=epl-1.0.txt' + }, + 'Expat':{ + 'URL': 'http://www.jclark.com/xml/copying.txt', + 'Magnet link': 'magnet:?xt=urn:btih:d3d9a9a6595521f9666a5e94cc830dab83b65699&dn=expat.txt' + }, + 'FreeBSD':{ + 'URL': 'http://www.freebsd.org/copyright/freebsd-license.html', + 'Magnet link': 'magnet:?xt=urn:btih:87f119ba0b429ba17a44b4bffcab33165ebdacc0&dn=freebsd.txt' + }, + 'GPL-2.0':{ + 'URL': 'http://www.gnu.org/licenses/gpl-2.0.html', + 'Magnet link': 'magnet:?xt=urn:btih:cf05388f2679ee054f2beb29a391d25f4e673ac3&dn=gpl-2.0.txt' + }, + 'GPL-3.0':{ + 'URL': 'http://www.gnu.org/licenses/gpl-3.0.html', + 'Magnet link': 'magnet:?xt=urn:btih:1f739d935676111cfff4b4693e3816e664797050&dn=gpl-3.0.txt' + }, + 'LGPL-2.1':{ + 'URL': 'http://www.gnu.org/licenses/lgpl-2.1.html', + 'Magnet link': 'magnet:?xt=urn:btih:5de60da917303dbfad4f93fb1b985ced5a89eac2&dn=lgpl-2.1.txt' + }, + 'LGPL-3.0':{ + 'URL': 'http://www.gnu.org/licenses/lgpl-3.0.html', + 'Magnet link': 'magnet:?xt=urn:btih:0ef1b8170b3b615170ff270def6427c317705f85&dn=lgpl-3.0.txt' + }, + 'AGPL-3.0':{ + 'URL': 'http://www.gnu.org/licenses/agpl-3.0.html', + 'Magnet link': 'magnet:?xt=urn:btih:0b31508aeb0634b347b8270c7bee4d411b5d4109&dn=agpl-3.0.txt' + }, + 'ISC':{ + 'URL': 'https://www.isc.org/downloads/software-support-policy/isc-license/', + 'Magnet link': 'magnet:?xt=urn:btih:b8999bbaf509c08d127678643c515b9ab0836bae&dn=ISC.txt' + }, + 'MPL-2.0':{ + 'URL': 'http://www.mozilla.org/MPL/2.0', + 'Magnet link': 'magnet:?xt=urn:btih:3877d6d54b3accd4bc32f8a48bf32ebc0901502a&dn=mpl-2.0.txt' + }, + 'UPL-1.0': { + 'URL': 'https://oss.oracle.com/licenses/upl/', + 'Magnet link': 'magnet:?xt=urn:btih:478974f4d41c3fa84c4befba25f283527fad107d&dn=upl-1.0.txt' + }, + 'WTFPL': { + 'URL': 'http://www.wtfpl.net/txt/copying/', + 'Magnet link': 'magnet:?xt=urn:btih:723febf9f6185544f57f0660a41489c7d6b4931b&dn=wtfpl.txt' + }, + 'Unlicense':{ + 'URL': 'http://unlicense.org/UNLICENSE', + 'Magnet link': 'magnet:?xt=urn:btih:5ac446d35272cc2e4e85e4325b146d0b7ca8f50c&dn=unlicense.txt' + }, + 'X11':{ + 'URL': 'http://www.xfree86.org/3.3.6/COPYRIGHT2.html#3', + 'Magnet link': 'magnet:?xt=urn:btih:5305d91886084f776adcf57509a648432709a7c7&dn=x11.txt' + }, + 'Modified-BSD':{ + 'URL': 'http://www.xfree86.org/current/LICENSE4.html', + 'Magnet link': 'magnet:?xt=urn:btih:12f2ec9e8de2a3b0002a33d518d6010cc8ab2ae9&dn=xfree86.txt' + } +} + +7.2 Undetected Free Licenses +============================ + +If you are using a free license that isn't detected by LibreJS and isn't +listed in the previous section, please send a message to +<bug-librejs@gnu.org> regarding this license, where code released under +this license can be found, and where to find the license text and +information. + + Many free licenses are listed in this page: +<http://www.gnu.org/licenses/license-list.html> + + +File: librejs.info, Node: LibreJS Development Notes, Next: Installation Requirements, Prev: Setting Your JavaScript Free, Up: Top + +8 LibreJS Development Notes +*************************** + +8.1 Debugging +============= + +To debug LibreJS, visit the special URL 'about:debugging'. Click on +'Enable add-on debugging' then 'Load Temporary Add-on'. Navigate to +LibreJS's unpacked source directory and select 'manifest.json'. + + Lines 34 and 35 in 'main_background.js' control the printing of +'dbg_print()' statements. Make sure these are set to false in releases. + +8.2 Adding new whitelisted libraries +==================================== + +The script index.js in './hash_script' generates the default whitelist. +Run it with the following command: + + 'node index.js > output' + + Then, just copy the contents of the file "output" to the appropriate +place in main_background.js. + +8.3 Releasing a new version +=========================== + +Update the version number in manifest.json. + + Make sure debug statements are set to felse on lines 34/35 in +'main_background.js'. + + Then, run the build script 'build.sh'. + + +File: librejs.info, Node: Installation Requirements, Next: LibreJS Internals, Prev: LibreJS Development Notes, Up: Top + +Appendix A Installation Requirements +************************************ + +A.1 Mozilla Browser +=================== + +You will need one of the many flavors of the Mozilla browser to use +LibreJS. It can be installed on the following: + + GNU IceCat, Mozilla Firefox, Trisquel Abrowser, Debian Iceweasel. + + LibreJS works on these browsers starting from version 57. We +recommend that you use the latest version of your Mozilla browser. +LibreJS has been tested on a GNU/Linux distribution, but it is +compatible any operating system as long as you're using a compatible +Mozilla browser. + + +File: librejs.info, Node: LibreJS Internals, Next: GNU Free Documentation License, Prev: Installation Requirements, Up: Top + +Appendix B LibreJS Internals +**************************** + +LibreJS intercepts HTTP responses and rewrites their contents after +analyzing JavaScript within them. It does not remove script nodes and +attributes from the page, but instead "deactivates" them by replacing +their content with a commented notice. + + LibreJS detects the most common cases using the HTTP response method +described above, but in less common edge cases, or when running code +locally, LibreJS cannot detect JavaScript during the response stage. + + +File: librejs.info, Node: GNU Free Documentation License, Prev: LibreJS Internals, Up: Top + +Appendix C GNU Free Documentation License +***************************************** + + Version 1.3, 3 November 2008 + + Copyright (C) 2000, 2001, 2002, 2007, 2008 Free Software Foundation, Inc. + <http://fsf.org/> + + Everyone is permitted to copy and distribute verbatim copies + of this license document, but changing it is not allowed. + + 0. PREAMBLE + + The purpose of this License is to make a manual, textbook, or other + functional and useful document "free" in the sense of freedom: to + assure everyone the effective freedom to copy and redistribute it, + with or without modifying it, either commercially or + noncommercially. Secondarily, this License preserves for the + author and publisher a way to get credit for their work, while not + being considered responsible for modifications made by others. + + This License is a kind of "copyleft", which means that derivative + works of the document must themselves be free in the same sense. + It complements the GNU General Public License, which is a copyleft + license designed for free software. + + We have designed this License in order to use it for manuals for + free software, because free software needs free documentation: a + free program should come with manuals providing the same freedoms + that the software does. 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