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Diffstat (limited to 'jackos/Output.jack')
| -rw-r--r-- | jackos/Output.jack | 281 |
1 files changed, 281 insertions, 0 deletions
diff --git a/jackos/Output.jack b/jackos/Output.jack new file mode 100644 index 0000000..61b24de --- /dev/null +++ b/jackos/Output.jack @@ -0,0 +1,281 @@ +// This file is part of www.nand2tetris.org
+// and the book "The Elements of Computing Systems"
+// by Nisan and Schocken, MIT Press.
+// File name: projects/12/Output.jack
+
+/**
+ * A library of functions for writing text on the screen.
+ * The Hack physical screen consists of 512 rows of 256 pixels each.
+ * The library uses a fixed font, in which each character is displayed
+ * within a frame which is 11 pixels high (including 1 pixel for inter-line
+ * spacing) and 8 pixels wide (including 2 pixels for inter-character spacing).
+ * The resulting grid accommodates 23 rows (indexed 0..22, top to bottom)
+ * of 64 characters each (indexed 0..63, left to right). The top left
+ * character position on the screen is indexed (0,0). A cursor, implemented
+ * as a small filled square, indicates where the next character will be displayed.
+ */
+class Output {
+
+ // Character map for displaying characters
+ static Array charMaps;
+ static int cursorI, cursorJ;
+
+ /** Initializes the screen, and locates the cursor at the screen's top-left. */
+ function void init() {
+ do Output.initMap();
+ do Output.moveCursor(0, 0);
+ return;
+ }
+
+ // Initializes the character map array
+ function void initMap() {
+ var int i;
+
+ let charMaps = Array.new(127);
+
+ // Black square, used for displaying non-printable characters.
+ do Output.create(0,63,63,63,63,63,63,63,63,63,0,0);
+
+ // Assigns the bitmap for each character in the charachter set.
+ // The first parameter is the character index, the next 11 numbers
+ // are the values of each row in the frame that represents this character.
+ do Output.create(32,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0); //
+ do Output.create(33,12,30,30,30,12,12,0,12,12,0,0); // !
+ do Output.create(34,54,54,20,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0); // "
+ do Output.create(35,0,18,18,63,18,18,63,18,18,0,0); // #
+ do Output.create(36,12,30,51,3,30,48,51,30,12,12,0); // $
+ do Output.create(37,0,0,35,51,24,12,6,51,49,0,0); // %
+ do Output.create(38,12,30,30,12,54,27,27,27,54,0,0); // &
+ do Output.create(39,12,12,6,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0); // '
+ do Output.create(40,24,12,6,6,6,6,6,12,24,0,0); // (
+ do Output.create(41,6,12,24,24,24,24,24,12,6,0,0); // )
+ do Output.create(42,0,0,0,51,30,63,30,51,0,0,0); // *
+ do Output.create(43,0,0,0,12,12,63,12,12,0,0,0); // +
+ do Output.create(44,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,12,12,6,0); // ,
+ do Output.create(45,0,0,0,0,0,63,0,0,0,0,0); // -
+ do Output.create(46,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,12,12,0,0); // .
+ do Output.create(47,0,0,32,48,24,12,6,3,1,0,0); // /
+
+ do Output.create(48,12,30,51,51,51,51,51,30,12,0,0); // 0
+ do Output.create(49,12,14,15,12,12,12,12,12,63,0,0); // 1
+ do Output.create(50,30,51,48,24,12,6,3,51,63,0,0); // 2
+ do Output.create(51,30,51,48,48,28,48,48,51,30,0,0); // 3
+ do Output.create(52,16,24,28,26,25,63,24,24,60,0,0); // 4
+ do Output.create(53,63,3,3,31,48,48,48,51,30,0,0); // 5
+ do Output.create(54,28,6,3,3,31,51,51,51,30,0,0); // 6
+ do Output.create(55,63,49,48,48,24,12,12,12,12,0,0); // 7
+ do Output.create(56,30,51,51,51,30,51,51,51,30,0,0); // 8
+ do Output.create(57,30,51,51,51,62,48,48,24,14,0,0); // 9
+
+ do Output.create(58,0,0,12,12,0,0,12,12,0,0,0); // :
+ do Output.create(59,0,0,12,12,0,0,12,12,6,0,0); // ;
+ do Output.create(60,0,0,24,12,6,3,6,12,24,0,0); // <
+ do Output.create(61,0,0,0,63,0,0,63,0,0,0,0); // =
+ do Output.create(62,0,0,3,6,12,24,12,6,3,0,0); // >
+ do Output.create(64,30,51,51,59,59,59,27,3,30,0,0); // @
+ do Output.create(63,30,51,51,24,12,12,0,12,12,0,0); // ?
+
+ do Output.create(65,12,12,30,30,51,51,63,51,51,0,0); // A
+ do Output.create(66,31,51,51,51,31,51,51,51,31,0,0); // B
+ do Output.create(67,28,54,35,3,3,3,35,54,28,0,0); // C
+ do Output.create(68,15,27,51,51,51,51,51,27,15,0,0); // D
+ do Output.create(69,63,51,35,11,15,11,35,51,63,0,0); // E
+ do Output.create(70,63,51,35,11,15,11,3,3,3,0,0); // F
+ do Output.create(71,28,54,35,3,59,51,51,54,44,0,0); // G
+ do Output.create(72,51,51,51,51,63,51,51,51,51,0,0); // H
+ do Output.create(73,30,12,12,12,12,12,12,12,30,0,0); // I
+ do Output.create(74,60,24,24,24,24,24,27,27,14,0,0); // J
+ do Output.create(75,51,51,51,27,15,27,51,51,51,0,0); // K
+ do Output.create(76,3,3,3,3,3,3,35,51,63,0,0); // L
+ do Output.create(77,33,51,63,63,51,51,51,51,51,0,0); // M
+ do Output.create(78,51,51,55,55,63,59,59,51,51,0,0); // N
+ do Output.create(79,30,51,51,51,51,51,51,51,30,0,0); // O
+ do Output.create(80,31,51,51,51,31,3,3,3,3,0,0); // P
+ do Output.create(81,30,51,51,51,51,51,63,59,30,48,0);// Q
+ do Output.create(82,31,51,51,51,31,27,51,51,51,0,0); // R
+ do Output.create(83,30,51,51,6,28,48,51,51,30,0,0); // S
+ do Output.create(84,63,63,45,12,12,12,12,12,30,0,0); // T
+ do Output.create(85,51,51,51,51,51,51,51,51,30,0,0); // U
+ do Output.create(86,51,51,51,51,51,30,30,12,12,0,0); // V
+ do Output.create(87,51,51,51,51,51,63,63,63,18,0,0); // W
+ do Output.create(88,51,51,30,30,12,30,30,51,51,0,0); // X
+ do Output.create(89,51,51,51,51,30,12,12,12,30,0,0); // Y
+ do Output.create(90,63,51,49,24,12,6,35,51,63,0,0); // Z
+
+ do Output.create(91,30,6,6,6,6,6,6,6,30,0,0); // [
+ do Output.create(92,0,0,1,3,6,12,24,48,32,0,0); // \
+ do Output.create(93,30,24,24,24,24,24,24,24,30,0,0); // ]
+ do Output.create(94,8,28,54,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0); // ^
+ do Output.create(95,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,63,0); // _
+ do Output.create(96,6,12,24,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0); // `
+
+ do Output.create(97,0,0,0,14,24,30,27,27,54,0,0); // a
+ do Output.create(98,3,3,3,15,27,51,51,51,30,0,0); // b
+ do Output.create(99,0,0,0,30,51,3,3,51,30,0,0); // c
+ do Output.create(100,48,48,48,60,54,51,51,51,30,0,0); // d
+ do Output.create(101,0,0,0,30,51,63,3,51,30,0,0); // e
+ do Output.create(102,28,54,38,6,15,6,6,6,15,0,0); // f
+ do Output.create(103,0,0,30,51,51,51,62,48,51,30,0); // g
+ do Output.create(104,3,3,3,27,55,51,51,51,51,0,0); // h
+ do Output.create(105,12,12,0,14,12,12,12,12,30,0,0); // i
+ do Output.create(106,48,48,0,56,48,48,48,48,51,30,0); // j
+ do Output.create(107,3,3,3,51,27,15,15,27,51,0,0); // k
+ do Output.create(108,14,12,12,12,12,12,12,12,30,0,0); // l
+ do Output.create(109,0,0,0,29,63,43,43,43,43,0,0); // m
+ do Output.create(110,0,0,0,29,51,51,51,51,51,0,0); // n
+ do Output.create(111,0,0,0,30,51,51,51,51,30,0,0); // o
+ do Output.create(112,0,0,0,30,51,51,51,31,3,3,0); // p
+ do Output.create(113,0,0,0,30,51,51,51,62,48,48,0); // q
+ do Output.create(114,0,0,0,29,55,51,3,3,7,0,0); // r
+ do Output.create(115,0,0,0,30,51,6,24,51,30,0,0); // s
+ do Output.create(116,4,6,6,15,6,6,6,54,28,0,0); // t
+ do Output.create(117,0,0,0,27,27,27,27,27,54,0,0); // u
+ do Output.create(118,0,0,0,51,51,51,51,30,12,0,0); // v
+ do Output.create(119,0,0,0,51,51,51,63,63,18,0,0); // w
+ do Output.create(120,0,0,0,51,30,12,12,30,51,0,0); // x
+ do Output.create(121,0,0,0,51,51,51,62,48,24,15,0); // y
+ do Output.create(122,0,0,0,63,27,12,6,51,63,0,0); // z
+
+ do Output.create(123,56,12,12,12,7,12,12,12,56,0,0); // {
+ do Output.create(124,12,12,12,12,12,12,12,12,12,0,0); // |
+ do Output.create(125,7,12,12,12,56,12,12,12,7,0,0); // }
+ do Output.create(126,38,45,25,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0); // ~
+
+ return;
+ }
+
+ // Creates the character map array of the given character index, using the given values.
+ function void create(int index, int a, int b, int c, int d, int e,
+ int f, int g, int h, int i, int j, int k) {
+ var Array map;
+
+ let map = Array.new(11);
+ let charMaps[index] = map;
+
+ let map[0] = a;
+ let map[1] = b;
+ let map[2] = c;
+ let map[3] = d;
+ let map[4] = e;
+ let map[5] = f;
+ let map[6] = g;
+ let map[7] = h;
+ let map[8] = i;
+ let map[9] = j;
+ let map[10] = k;
+
+ return;
+ }
+
+ // Returns the character map (array of size 11) of the given character.
+ // If the given character is invalid or non-printable, returns the
+ // character map of a black square.
+ function Array getMap(char c) {
+ if ((c < 32) | (c > 126)) {
+ let c = 0;
+ }
+ return charMaps[c];
+ }
+
+ /** Moves the cursor to the j-th column of the i-th row,
+ * and erases the character displayed there. */
+ function void moveCursor(int i, int j) {
+ var int x, y;
+ let x = cursorJ * 8;
+ let y = cursorI * 11;
+ do Screen.setColor(false);
+ do Screen.drawRectangle(x, y, x + 7, y + 10);
+ let x = j * 8;
+ let y = i * 11;
+ do Screen.setColor(true);
+ do Screen.drawRectangle(x, y, x + 7, y + 10);
+ let cursorI = i;
+ let cursorJ = j;
+ return;
+ }
+
+ /** Displays the given character at the cursor location,
+ * and advances the cursor one column forward. */
+ function void printChar(char c) {
+ var int k, x, y, addr;
+ var Array cm;
+ if (c = 129) {
+ do Output.backSpace();
+ return;
+ }
+ if (cursorI = 22) {
+ if (c = 128) {
+ return;
+ }
+ if (cursorJ = 63) {
+ return;
+ }
+ }
+ if (c = 128) {
+ do Output.println();
+ return;
+ }
+ let k = 0;
+ let x = cursorJ / 2;
+ let y = cursorJ - (x * 2); // y = 0: lsb, y = 1: msb
+ let addr = cursorI * 352 + x + 16384;
+ let cm = Output.getMap(c);
+ if (cursorJ = 63) {
+ do Output.moveCursor(cursorI + 1, 0);
+ } else {
+ do Output.moveCursor(cursorI, cursorJ + 1);
+ }
+ while (k < 11) {
+ if (y = 0){
+ do Memory.poke(addr, Memory.peek(addr) & (-128) + cm[k]);
+ } else {
+ do Memory.poke(addr, Memory.peek(addr) & 255 + (cm[k] * 256));
+ }
+ let k = k + 1;
+ let addr = addr + 32;
+ }
+ return;
+ }
+
+ /** displays the given string starting at the cursor location,
+ * and advances the cursor appropriately. */
+ function void printString(String s) {
+ var int i;
+ var int n;
+ let i = 0;
+ let n = s.length();
+ while (i < n) {
+ do Output.printChar(s.charAt(i));
+ let i = i + 1;
+ }
+ return;
+ }
+
+ /** Displays the given integer starting at the cursor location,
+ * and advances the cursor appropriately. */
+ function void printInt(int i) {
+ var String s;
+ let s = String.new(6);
+ do s.setInt(i);
+ do Output.printString(s);
+ return;
+ }
+
+ /** Advances the cursor to the beginning of the next line. */
+ function void println() {
+ if (cursorI < 22) {
+ do Output.moveCursor(cursorI + 1, 0);
+ }
+ return;
+ }
+
+ /** Moves the cursor one column back. */
+ function void backSpace() {
+ if (cursorJ > 0) {
+ do Output.moveCursor(cursorI, cursorJ - 1);
+ } else {
+ do Output.moveCursor(cursorI - 1, 63);
+ }
+ return;
+ }
+}
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